The A to Z of security

Zero-day

Zero-day is a high alert label. It's used to refer to the fact a bug in a piece of software has been unearthed and is at risk of being exploited by hackers before a patch to fix it is available.

A full-blown attack against an unpatched flaw may even be underway - a zero-day exploit and a zero-day attack have both surfaced recently.

Security from A to Z

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A is for Antivirus
B is for Botnets
C is for CMA
D is for DDoS
E is for Extradition
F is for Federated identity
G is for Google
H is for Hackers
I is for IM
J is for Jaschan (Sven)
K is for Kids
L is for Love Bug
M is for Microsoft
N is for Neologisms
O is for Orange
P is for Passwords
Q is for Questions
R is for Rootkits
S is for Spyware
T is for Two-factor authentication
U is for USB sticks/devices
V is for Virus variants
W is for Wi-fi
X is for OS X
Y is for You
Z is for Zero-day

The result of any zero-day alert is a scramble to get a patch out fast.

If the security risk is particularly critical, a third-party security company may step in and issue an unofficial quick-fix interim patch which users can download and install for temporary protection until the bona fide fix is available.

Back in September, the aptly named Zeroday Emergency Response Team, or Zert, released a quick-fix for an Internet Explorer flaw. Microsoft got its own patch out a few days later - slower than Zert but still ahead of Patch Tuesday, its regular monthly patch-issuing day.

Another issue here is with disclosure – when knowledge of vulnerabilities becomes public domain (and hackers and security professionals know the race is on). Responsible disclosure will typically involve security researchers informing the company whose software is vulnerable what flaw they have found. Irresponsible disclosure will see a vulnerability discovered and its details posted online or otherwise revealed in a public forum.

The line between the two is not always so clear though, and improper disclosure could often be responsible for this zero-day lag between vulnerability discovery and patch availability.